Hip Prosthesis - Types and Techniques

Here are the main steps of this intervention

Preparing the joint: An incision is made to access the joint. Damaged joint surfaces are removed, leaving room for the prosthesis components.

Implantation of the prosthesis: The prostheses used are composed of metals, mainly titanium, which is very biocompatible, but also sometimes of Chrome, Cobalt or Nickel. There are also the mobile elements of the joint, the parts that ensure mobility made of polyethylene and ceramic. Implant fixation may be uncemented in the majority of cases but may require surgical cement in case of significant bone fragility or a traumatic context.

After implantation, the first line is closed. The various anatomical sheets are sutured. The scar is sutured with an oversubject (no visible spots) and covered by a band-aid.

Rehabilitation: As soon as they leave the operating room, the patient begins to resume mobilization and will be relieved in the hours following the intervention with the physiotherapy team. This facilitates early recovery through hemotoma mobilization and muscle function.

Surgical techniques for the implantation of hip prostheses

The surgical techniques for implanting hip prostheses vary depending on several factors, including the condition of the patient and the type of prosthesis used.

Minimally invasive approach

The minimally invasive approach uses smaller incisions compared to traditional techniques, reducing muscle tissue damage and promoting faster recovery. Key benefits include less post-operative pain, a shorter hospital stay, and a quicker return to daily activities.

The most commonly used approach for total hip arthroplasty is the posterior approach (access through the back of the hip), the anterior approach (access through the front of the hip) although older is also common. Although each technique presents specific risks, no difference is found in the literature on surgical outcomes and the risk of complications, particularly in terms of dislocation. The minimally invasive aspect is essential with the preservation of the tissues around the joint, especially capsular, tendinous and muscular.

We use a so-called “mini-post” approach, also known as the “STAR approach”, which has the specificity of respecting the tendon of the piriformis muscle and allowing rapid recovery and early lifting after the intervention. The incision varies between 6 and 12 cm depending on the size of each patient.

Benefits and risks of hip prostheses

Understanding the potential benefits and risks associated with hip replacement surgery is critical to making an informed decision. The level of functional or sports discomfort and pain should guide this decision. Only the patient can know the impact on their personal life.

Risks

As with any surgical procedure, there are risks associated with hip prostheses. Despite a high level of satisfaction after this type of surgery, some patients may maintain minimal discomfort or pain and some degree of activity limitation.

It is important to note that these risks are rare and steps are taken to minimize them.
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Risks associated with my surgery:

Hematoma, hemorrhage, phlebitis, embolism, cardio-respiratory disorders, death.

Infection and in particular its risk factors such as smoking or obesity. Although rare, there is a risk of infection. Strict asepsis protocols are followed to minimize this risk.

Neurologic disorders

Transient or permanent functional disorders with persistent pain

Specifically on my hip surgery, there are infrequent risks of:

Feeling of unequal length. Common after surgery, they are resolving and linked to the need to adapt the spine to your new anatomy.

Luxation: The femoral head may move out of the cup, but modern, minimally invasive surgical techniques and appropriate rehabilitation help prevent this complication.

Component wear: Prosthetic materials can wear out over time, but modern dentures are designed to last for decades. This risk must be taken with care, as the data available in the literature often refer to older materials.

Metal allergy: Often a cause for concern for patients, it is a rare entity. A known allergy to certain metals should be reported to your surgeon prior to surgery.

Post-operative care

Post-operative rehabilitation is crucial to maximizing the results of hip surgery. Professor Nicolas Reina and his team work closely with physiotherapists to develop a personalized rehabilitation program. This program includes exercises to strengthen muscles, improve range of motion, and promote proper walking.

Conclusion

Hip prosthesis is an effective solution for treating hip pathologies and improving the quality of life of patients. With several types of prostheses available and advanced surgical techniques, Prof. Nicolas Reina offers personalized options for each patient. For more information or to schedule a consultation, please contact us. We are dedicated to providing the best care possible to restore your comfort and mobility.